Neck rest for a seat for automobiles

ABSTRACT

An automobile-seat headrest comprising a fixed support enclosed by a fixed pad and two rods which are connected to said support and which are received in the headrest bushes in a seat backrest, a second support for a displaceable pad being displaceably resting in said fixed support and allowing to set the displaced pad between a retracted position at least partly received in the fixed pad and an advanced position, and vice-versa, wherein the displaceable pad is advanced relative to the fixed pad toward the head of the seated person, a drive device being provided to set the displaceable head pad into the advanced position.

[0001] The present invention relates to an automobile-seat headrest as defined in claim 1.

[0002] Conventional headrests consist of a padded part slidably mounted on two rods in the seat's backrest, said rods being inserted in the backrest's headrest bushes. The padded part contains a support connected to the head rest's rods.

[0003] In general the headrests are configured improperly or inadequately in a vehicle and assume a position matching the driver or passenger. In case of a rear-end collision, a large spacing between the head and the headrest entails pronounced tensile stresses in the neck that may result in substantial injuries to it. A case of improper position in particular results when the headrest is too low on the backrest.

[0004] The objective of the present invention is to create a headrest remedying the above defects.

[0005] This objective is attained by the features of claim 1.

[0006] As regards the headrest of the invention, a second support for a displaceable pad is displaceably mounted on the fixed pad, the displaceable pad being adjustable between a retracted position in the said fixed pad and an extended position, and vice versa, the displaceable pad when advanced being moved forward from the fixed pad toward the head of the seated person. The invention furthermore provides a drive device to set the displaceable pad into its extended position.

[0007] In one embodiment of the present invention, the displaceable pad when in its advanced position also is raised above the fixed pad. In this manner the displaceable pad not only is displaced relative to the head as regards the sitting position, but also it is raised with respect to the head.

[0008] In case of a rear impact on the vehicle, the displaceable pad, having moved toward the back of the driver's head, assures direct support for the driver's head and as a result the driver is virtually made safe against the so-called whiplash effect. Following the accident, the headrest may be moved back into its initial, that is the retracted position and shall be operational once more.

[0009] A number of designs are applicable to displaceably support the movable headrest at the fixed pad. Preferably a lever linkage shall be used, in particular a spring-loaded parallelogram. Once the spring has been released, for instance from a locked position, the parallelogram linkage is able to advance the displaceable pad and to move it near the back of the head of the seated person. It is understood that in case of impact on said displaceable pad, it may not yield excessively but instead shall absorb said impact. Accordingly in one embodiment of the invention, a stop is used that shall act as a rest for one or more levers of the parallelogram when on account of impact on the displaceable pad a force shall be exerted on it in the direction of the fixed pad. However locking mechanisms also are applicable that shall lock the displaceable and extended pad to absorb a pertinent force. Such locking action then must be eliminated once the displaceable pad must be returned into its rest position.

[0010] As mentioned above, the displaceable pad may be spring-loaded into the extended position, or a locking element may be used to lock the spring or the linkage against the spring bias in the retracted position. An appropriate drive device furthermore includes an unlocking element in order to release the lock. This goal may be attained in the present invention by using a cable. This cable must be positioned at a site appropriate for its activation when rear-end impact takes place. Illustratively this feature may be implemented by the pressure exerted by the seated person's back against the backrest when the vehicle's rear is impacted.

[0011] However the force setting the displaceable pad also may be applied to a component remote from the headrest and by cble force transmission. Again a number of designs are conceivable. One design of the invention employs a drive device with a first and a second element that are mutually displaceable in to-and-fro manner and which are kept apart by a spring that biases the two elements apart. One of said elements guides a carriage linked to a lever of which the other end is linked to the other element. A cable is affixed to the carriage. The carriage shall be displaced when the two elements are mutually moved to-and-fro. The carriage is adjusted in this manner and an adjusting force can be exerted on the cable which in turn sets the displaceable pad into the extended position. The support may be connected to the displaceable pad in the manner already described above.

[0012] Preferably the displaceable pad is received in part or in whole in the fixed pad. Accordingly, in one embodiment of the present invention, the fixed support shall exhibit a U-shape and the displaceable support shall be preferably planar, their dimensions being selected in a manner that the displaceable pad when in its rest position shall be received in a matching clearance in the fixed pad.

[0013] Illustrative embodiments of the present invention are elucidated below in relation to the attached drawings.

[0014]FIG. 1 is a front view of the supports of a headrest of the invention,

[0015]FIG. 2 is a view similar to that of FIG. 1 when the displaceable support of the headrest of the invention has been advanced,

[0016]FIG. 3 shows a detail of the headrest of FIGS. 1 and 2,

[0017]FIG. 4 shows the supports of an embodiment variation of the headrest of the invention,

[0018]FIG. 5 is a perspective of the rear of the supports of FIG. 4,

[0019]FIG. 6 is a partly cutaway perspective of a drive device for the headrest of FIGS. 4 and 5,

[0020]FIG. 7 is a perspective of the rear of a portion of the drive device of FIG. 6,

[0021]FIG. 8 is a perspective elevation of the drive device of FIG. 6, however in the activated state, and

[0022]FIG. 9 is a view similar to that of FIG. 8, however in the activated state.

[0023]FIGS. 1 and 2 show a fixed headrest support consisting of two mutually spaced columnar segments 12, 14 and a plate 16 connecting them. The components 12 through 16 are integrally made of a suitable and strong plastic. Headrest rods 18, 20 are firmly affixed in the columnar segments 12, 14 and will be inserted into headrest bushes of an omitted backrest of an automobile seat. Padding omitted from this Figure but conventional and known as regards such headrest is mounted at the back of the described support 10, at the top side and laterally from the columnar segments 12 and 14.

[0024] A displaceable planar support 22 for a displaceable headrest component is situated between the columnar segments 12, 14. Said support 22 also is made of a suitable, strong plastic. It may be moved to-and-fro between a retracted position shown in FIG. 1 wherein it is situated between the columnar segments 12, 14 and an advanced position shown in FIG. 2 wherein it projects from the fixed support 10 and furthermore is raised. For that purpose the displaceable support 22 is connected to a parallelogram bar linkage. The parallelogram bar linkage comprises a first an upper, relatively wide, lever 24 connected by a shaft 26 to the front side of the plate 16. The shaft 26 is held in brackets, of which one (28) is shown, against the front side of the plate 16. Brackets also are mounted on the back side of the planar support 22 which is shown only partly—actually it occupies the space between the columnar segments 12, 14—and said brackets bear a shaft 30 in order to link the lever 24 to the back side of the displaceable planar support 22.

[0025] Another shaft 32 is rotatably supported in corresponding but omitted brackets at the back side of the planar support 22 and is linked to two mutually parallel levers 34, 36. The levers 34, 36 are linked in corresponding brackets at the front side of the plate 16, however these particulars will not be discussed in detail. Springs 38, 40 are mounted on the shaft 26 on opposite sides of the lever 24 and bias the above described parallelogram linkage into a position shown in FIG. 2.

[0026] The displaceable support 22 in turn is enclosed by omitted padding. Said support shall provide an advantageous rest for the rear of the head of the person sitting in the omitted seat when, due to a collision, the head shall be forced rearward. The levers 24, 34 and 36 slope upward and a spring or an omitted stop assures thast the position shown in FIG. 2 shall not be vacated by pressure applied to the displaceable support 22 and further upward pivoting.

[0027] If the displaceable support 22 must assume the position shown in FIG. 1, it must be pivoted downward, optionally manually. In this process the rod 32 pivots behind a hook 42 shown in further detail in FIG. 3. A bracket 44 is integrated into the front side of the plate 16 and supports the hook 32 in pivotable manner, namely at 46 about an approximately horizontal axis. Moreover said hook is loaded downward by a spring 48. By pivoting the rod 32 toward the rounded, oblique front side of the hook 42, this hook shall be temporarily deflected upward and shall then snap over the rod 32 whereby the support 22 is kept in the position shown in FIG. 1. Using a cable denoted by the reference 50, the hook 42 may be pivoted upward. In this manner the springs 38, 40 allow pivoting the linkage and moving the support 22 into the position shown in FIG. 2.

[0028] The operation of the cable 50 is omitted. It operates in the manner of a converter converting a collision at the vehicle rear (omitted) into a traction on the cable 50.

[0029] Where elements identical or similar to those of FIGS. 1 through 3 also are used in FIGS. 4 and 5, the same reference numerals will be carried over.

[0030]FIG. 5 shows especially clearly the linkages of the levers 34, 24 and 36 to the back side of the displaceable support 22 which furthermore is also shown in full in this FIG. 5, rather than as in FIG. 4 where only half of it is displayed.

[0031] A guide 52 is situated in the in the longitudinal center of the pate 16 assuming the geometry of a half-bush which passes a cable 54 (also see FIG. 4). The cable is hooked by means of a toggle at 56 to a lever arm 58 projecting rearward beyond the pivot axis. Therefore, by pulling on the cable 54, the planar support 22 may be pivoted from a position between the columnar segments 12, 14 into a position in front of them as shown in FIGS. 4 and 5. In this instance therefore the actuation of the displaceable support 22 is not initiated by a spring directly at the headrest, but remotely from the headrest by means of a drive device illustratively described in FIGS. 6 through 9.

[0032] The drive device of FIGS. 6 through 9 is denoted by the reference 60. It comprises a first boxy part 62 telescopically nesting a second boxy part 64. Four cross-sectionally circular guide pins 66 are configured at the ceiling wall of the boxy part 62 at its inward corners and said pins are received in circular guides 68 and furthermore are enclosed by helical springs 70.

[0033] A carriage 74 is mounted in a clearance 72 of the ceiling wall of the boxy part 64. The carriage 74 slides within the narrower portion of the clearance 72 and is fitted with (unreferenced) channels cooperating with the edges of the clearance 72. As a result the carriage may be moved to-and-from between a position shown in FIG. 6 and a position shown in FIG. 7. The cable 54 is affixed to said carriage. Furthermore a connecting lever 76 is linked to the carriage 74 which, as shown especially clearly in FIG. 8, is linked by its other end to the inside of the ceiling segment of the boxy part 62. When the springs 70 of FIG. 8 and also of FIG. 6 are unstressed, the connecting lever 76 is supported somewhat obliquely and the carriage 74 shall be in its first position. If next the boxy parts 62, 64 are compressed, they shall approach each other while compressing the spring 70. In this process the connecting lever 76 will pivot and it shall set the position of the carriage 74 into the other end position shown in FIG. 7. In this manner a traction is exerted on the cable 54 and the displaceable support 22 shall be advanced into the position shown in FIGS. 4 and 5. If the compression between the parts 62, 64 decreases, the cable 54 shall be relaxed and the displaceable support 22 shall be able to pivot back into its initial position.

[0034] Illustratively the drive device 60 of FIGS. 6 through 9 may be activated, by being integrated into the backrest and by repeated pressures being applied from the back of the seated person. In this manner, in the event of a collision at the rear of the vehicle, advance of the displaceable support 22 shall be automatic. 

1. An automobile seat headrest comprising a fixed support enclosed by a fixed pad, and two rods connected to said support which can be received in headrest bushes configured in a seat backrest, characterized in that a second support (22) supporting a displaceable pad rests in displaceable manner on said support (10) and allows setting the displaceable pad between a retracted position situated at least partly within said fixed support and an advanced position, and vice-versa, wherein the displaceable pad is moved relative to the fixed pad forward to the head of the seated person, a drive device being provided to set the displaceable head pad into the advanced position.
 2. Headrest as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the displaceable pad when in its advanced position is raised relative to the fixed pad.
 3. Headrest as claimed in either of claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the displaceable support (22) is linked by a lever linkage (24, 32, 36) to the fixed support (10).
 4. Headrest as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that the linkage is a parallelogram linkage.
 5. Headrest as claimed in one of claims 1 through 4, characterized in that the displaceable support (22) when in its advanced position rests against a stop absorbing impacts on the displaceable pad.
 6. Headrest as claimed in one of claims 1 through 5, characterized in that the drive device comprises a spring (38, 40) acting on the displaceable support (22) and a locking element (42) locking the spring or the linkage against the spring bias for the retracted position of the displaceable pad, and in that the drive device is fitted with an unlocking element for the lock (42).
 7. Headrest as claimed in either of claims 5 and 6, characterized in that a preferably spring-loaded locking hook (42) or the like keeps the parallelogram linkage in its retracted position and can be powered by a cable (50).
 8. Headrest as claimed in one of claims 1 through 5, characterized in that a drive device (60) mounted remotely from the headrest by means of a cable (54) acts on the displaceable support (22) to move it into the advanced position.
 9. Headrest as claimed in claims 5 and 8, characterized in that the cable (54) acts on one arm (58) of the parallelogram linkage.
 10. Headrest as claimed in claim 9, characterized in that the drive device (60) comprises a first and a second structural part (62, 64) which are supported in mutually to-and-fro displaceable manner and between which at least one spring (70) is mounted which biases said parts (62, 64) away from each other, in that a carriage (74) is guided at the part (64) to which is affixed a lever (76) which by its other end is connected to the other part (62) and in that the cable (54) is affixed to the carriage (74) which thereby shall be displaced and traction shall be exerted on the cable (54) when the parts (62, 64) are moved toward each other.
 11. Headrest as claimed in claim 10, characterized in that the structural parts (62, 64) are boxy and nest telescopically into each other.
 12. Headrest as claimed in one of claims 1 through 11, characterized in that the first support (10) is approximately U-shaped.
 13. Headrest as claimed in claims 1 through 11, characterized in that the second support (22) is substantially a plate. 